The energy sector has been undergoing fundamental changes over the last two decades, whether in terms of the set-up and functioning of energy markets, the emergence of new technologies, the massive development of renewable energy sources and the ambitious decarbonisation targets for 2050. Alongside this, issues related to energy security and the diversification of energy sources are also gaining importance. The energy sector today is thus facing a number of specific immediate and long-term challenges, related both to the need to respond to current developments in energy markets and to the search for an effective strategy to meet long-term decarbonisation targets. During the workshop experts from diverse backgrounds and entities will discuss what opportunities and challenges bring the energy policy changes and energy transformation for Central European countries and what are the pathways to overcome these challenges (in the specific context of the Czech Republic and Austria). The workshop will also include a commemoration of the 20th anniversary of the Czech-Austrian Energy Expert Group.